Terrorism and repression...violence in the late era of dictatorships

On the morning of September 27, 1975, Franco's dictatorship carried out its last five executions, in fact the last execution in Spanish history. In Madrid, three members of the National Revolutionary Anti-Fascist Front (FRAP) were executed by firing squad: José Humberto Baena, José Luis Sánchez Bravo, and Ramón García Sanz. In Burgos and Barcelona, ​​two members of ETA (military-political wing) were executed: Ángel Otagui Echeberría and Juan Paredes Manotas (Czech). Four military courts had sentenced them to death for their participation in the killing of armed police officers Lucio Rodriguez Martín and Ovidio Diaz Lopez, and civil security guards Gregorio Posada Zoron and Antonio Pose Rodriguez. The government of President Carlos Arias Navarro, unlike his predecessor on other occasions, supported the rulings. This book analyzes the interrelationship between the two forms of political violence that have indelibly marked the regime's turbulent decline. On the one hand, there was the terrorism of ETA, FRAPP, GRABOW, and other groups, which killed 68 people and injured hundreds between 1968 and 1975. On the other hand, there was Franco's repression, which culminated in the executions of 1974 and 1975. Drawing on previously unpublished sources, historians, jurists and journalists examine different aspects of this dynamic: the historical context, the final crisis of the dictatorship, the activity of the anti-Franco opposition, the third international wave of terrorism, the legislative response of the most affected European countries, the role of France as a “sanctuary” for ETA, the attacks, the strategy of action and repression, the state of emergency, legal proceedings, executions, the abandonment of victims of terrorism, the memory of some and the forgetfulness of others, and the reflection of all these events in Cinema.